The total area of West Kalimantan Province is 146,807 km ² (7.53% area of Indonesia).
It is the fourth largest province after Papua, East Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan.
West Kalimantan is one area that can be called the province of "A Thousand Rivers". The nickname is in line with the geographical conditions that have hundreds of large and small rivers which can and often navigable.
Several large rivers is still a pulse and the main route for inland transportation, although the road infrastructure has been able to reach most of the district.
Although a small region of West Kalimantan is the ocean waters, but the West has dozens of large and small islands (most uninhabited) are scattered throughout the Karimata Strait and Natuna Sea bordering the region of Riau Islands Province.
- Total population:
In the province of West Kalimantan, according to the census of 2004 amounted to 4,073,304 people (1.85% of Indonesia's population).
- History:
According to kakawin Nagarakretagama (1365), West Kalimantan, Majapahit conquered, even since the time of the call Singhasari Bakulapura. According to the Hikayat Banjar (1663), the country Sambas, Sukadana and countries in Batang Lawai (ancient name of the Kapuas River) had been conquered since the days of the Hindu kingdom of Banjar. Since October 1, 1609, became the protectorate of the Kingdom of Sambas, the Dutch VOC. October 20, 1756 per the agreement the Dutch East India Company will assist the Sultan of Banjar Tamjidullah I to re-conquer the areas that separate them Sanggau, Sintang and Lawai (District Melawi).
By deed dated March 26, 1778 Hedgehogs and Sukadana country submitted to the Dutch East India Company by the Sultan of Banten. These are areas that originally belonged to the Dutch East India Company in addition to the protectorate of Sambas. In the same year Prince Abdurrahman Sharif Alkadrie sanctioned Dutch East India Company as the first Sultan of Pontianak in Dutch-owned territory.
In 1789 the Sultan of Pontianak Fang Lan Corp. assisted the Dutch East India Company was ordered to occupy the country Mempawah. On May 4, 1826 Sultan of Banjar handed Adam Barley, Sintang and Lawai (Melawi District) to the Dutch East Indies colonial administration. In 1855, the country Sambas entered into the Dutch East Indies becoming Residency of Sambas.In the reign of the Dutch East Indies by the Governor-General as published in STB No. 1938. 352, among others, regulate and establish the administrative capital of the region based in Banjarmasin Borneo
Gouvernement divided into 2 Residentir, one of them is Residentie Westerafdeeling Van Borneo with capital of Pontianak, led by a resident.On January 1, 1957 WK officially became an independent province on Borneo island, on the basis of Act No. 25 of 1956 dated 7 December 1956. The law has also been the basis for the establishment of two other provinces in the archipelago's largest island.
Both provinces are in South Kalimantan and East Kalimantan.
- Natural conditions:
The climate in West Kalimantan, wet tropical climates, rainfall is evenly distributed throughout the year with peak rainfall occurs in January and October temperatures average between 26.0 s / d 27.0 and the average humidity of between between 80% s / d 90%.
- Ethnicity:
West Region is inhabited by the Indigenous Dayak and other immigrants from Sumatra and urban people of China and other parts of Indonesia. Large Dominant Ethnic Groups of the Dayaks, Malays and Chinese, whose numbers exceed 90% of the population of West Kalimantan. In addition, there are also other tribes, such as Bugis, Javanese, Madurese, Minangkabau, Sundanese, Batak and others whose numbers below 10%.
- Regional Language:
Indonesian (Malay) is the language generally used by people in West Kalimantan.
Also connecting language, namely Malay Pontianak, Sambas Malay and Bahasa Senganan by region spreading. Likewise, there are various types of language Dayak, according to research there are 188 dialects Institute Dayakologi spoken by ethnic Dayak and Chinese languages ??such as Tiochiu and Khek / Hakka. Dialect in the language of the Dayak tribe masksudkan against this is so much resemblance to the Malay language, only the most different at the end of words such as eat (Malay), makatn (Kanayatn), wearing (Iban) and makot (Melahui).
Especially for clumps Uut Danum, the language is virtually stands alone and is not a dialect of the other Dayak groups. Dialect actually exist in some sub tribe Dayak Uut Danum own. As in the language of the sub tribe Dohoi for example, to say eat it consists of at least 16 vocabulary words, ranging from the most subtle to the most rugged.
For example, ngolasut (medium fine), germ (general), dekak (for an older or respected), ngonahuk (rough), monirak (most coarse) and Macuh (for the spirits of the dead).Malay language in West Kalimantan consist of several types, including Bahasa Melayu Bahasa Melayu Pontianak and Sambas. Bahasa Melayu Pontianak itself has the same accent discussed Malaysia and Malay Riau Malay.
- Religion and Belief:
The majority of the population of West Kalimantan embraced Islam (35%), Catholics (28%), Protestant (10%), Buddhists (6.4%), Hindu (0.2%), other (1 , 7%).
- Traditional Dances:
* Dance Monong / Manang / Baliatn, is a dance Healing contained in all the Dayak community. dance serves as a repellent / healer / antidote to the disease for the patient to recover back the dancers behave like shamans with the spell.
This dance is present when the shaman is in a state of trance, and dance is part of traditional ceremonies Bemanang / Balian.
* Dance by side, A Dance Single at the Dayak Mualang Sekadau District which in the present as a dance entertainment community for sustenance / dagger / food given by God. This dance is used by side as a media attraction and dance is set off from the ancestral culture of the past are strongly associated with acceptance / welcoming guests / hero.
* Dance dance Jonggan are Kanayatn Dayak community association in the Kubu Raya, Mempawah, Hedgehog can still be found and enjoyed visually, this dance meceritakan joy and happiness in the association Dayak young couple. In this dance the guests who come are generally invited to dance together.
* Dance is a dance association kondan that rhyme and accompanied by traditional music Sanggau Kapuas Dayak community, this kondan art sometimes accompanied by guitar. kondan art is greeting happiness of guests who visit and spend the night in his area. This art is done by dancing and unrequited rhyme.
* Kinyah Uut Danum, is a typical war dance Uut Danum Dayak ethnic group who showed agility and alertness in the face of the enemy. Today was a lot Kinyah Uut Danum shown on special events or when welcoming guests who visit. This dance is very hard to learn because in addition to using Ahpang (Saber) is original, as well as a very dynamic movement, so people are less physically fit will be quickly exhausted.
* Dance Zapin in West Kalimantan Malay community, is a social dance in society, as the media said the happiness in the association. If he uses the property Tembung then called Zapin Tembung, if a fan then called Zapin fan.
- Traditional Musical Instruments:
* Gong / Agukng, Kollatung (Uut Danum) are percussion instruments made of brass, is a multifunctional instrument both as a dowry, as the base symbol of the spirit in marriage. as well as payment of the customary law.
* Tawaq (a type kempul) is a musical instrument to accompany the traditional dance of the Dayak community in general. Uut Danum Dayak language called Kotavak.
* Sapek is a traditional stringed musical instrument of the upper Kapuas Depth wealth among the Dayak communities upstream of Kapuas district. In Uut Danum people call Konyahpik (form) differs slightly with Sapek.
* Feedback / Kurating is a stringed musical instrument similar Sapek, derived from the Kapuas Hulu on Ibanik the Dayak, Dayak Banuaka ".
* Kangkuang are percussion instruments made of wood and carved, found in the Dayak community Banuaka Kapuas Hulu.
* Keledik / Kedire a musical instrument made from gourds and bamboo played by blowing and smoked, located in Kapuas Hulu. In Uut Danum Dayak tribe called Korondek.
* At Entebong is a kind of musical instrument drum that is widely available in the local Dayak groups Mualang Sekadau District.
* Rabab / Rebab, the stringed instrument, is at the Uut Danum Dayak tribe. Kohotong, namely wind instrument, made from a kind of midrib branches of wild plants in the forest like a palm tree. Sollokanong (some call it Klenang other Dayak tribes) made of brass, the shape is smaller than the gong, its use should be one set.
* Terah People (on Uut Danum Dayak) is a percussion instrument such as the Javanese gamelan. It is made of iron (the people) then Terah called the Ummah.
- Traditional Weapons:
* Saber (Ahpang: Uut Danum designation) is a type of sword that is unique, with a fine and peculiar. In Uut Danum Dayak tribe upper is made of carved deer antlers, while the iron material Ahpang (Saber) is made of iron mined itself and consists of two types, namely the famous Nyan Bahtuk hard and sharp so that flies perch can break but easily broken and People of the famous Motihke flexible, toxic and does not rust.
* Keris
* Tumbak
* Chopsticks (Sohpot: Uut Danum title)
* Piston rifle
* Duhung (Uut Danum)
* Isou Bacou or Parang that both sides sharply (Uut Danum)
* Lunjuk or similar tumbak to hunt (Uut Danum)
- Literature:
Some oral literature in this area include:
* Bekana an old people's stories of the past that tell the world Khayangan or Persons Aging Pang (the gods) in the Dayak mythology Ibanik: Iban, Mualang, Sleep, Village and others.
* Bejandeh bekana but the object is a kind of different story.
* Nyangahatn, the old prayer on Kanayatn Dayak community.In Uut Danum Dayak tribe, oral literature composed of Kollimoi (second time), Tahtum (third time), Parung, Kandan and Kendau.
At the time of the oldest or the first is the occurrence of the universe and humankind. In this second era of oral literature is about human life Uut Danum in the sky. In the third era is about the stories of heroism and headhunting Uut Danum Dayak tribe when it was on earth, for example how they mengayau along the Kapuas river until people are not remaining so-called Kopuas Buhang (Kapuas is empty or the occupants out) then they search for targets to other parts of the island Kalimantan is the direction of Central and East Kalimantan and carry the names of areas in West Kalimantan, so that's why in Central Kalimantan have also named the river Kapuas River and River Melawi.
This Tahtum if sung in the original can reach dozens of night for a single episode, while Tahtum consists of hundreds of episodes. Parung adalahsastra oral tradition when there is a party or wedding. Kandan compose literature language is highest among ethnic groups Uut Danum (Dohoi, Soravai, Pangin, Daylight, Joyless and others) used to tell Kolimoi, Parung, Mohpash and others.
People who study language Kandan must pay to the teacher. Now this language is almost extinct and only controlled by old people.
While Kendau is the literary language to make fun or joke.
- Weaving:
Traditional Fabric located in certain areas, including:
* Weaving Sambas Region
* Weaving Belitang Kumpang area Ilong Sekadau District
* Weaving Length Ensaid Sintang
* Weaving Kapuas Hulu
- Crafts:
Various kinds of crafts can be obtained from this area, for example:
* Mats mats, in Pontianak and Bengkayang area, Sintang, Kapuas Hulu.
* Carve-carvings, shields, saber and others contained in Pontianak and Kapuas Hulu.
* Nuts Uwoi (patterned rattan mats) typical Uut Danum Dayak tribe.
* Takui Darok (caping wide motif) typical Uut Danum Dayak tribe.
- Traditional Cake:
Traditional cakes are often found in this place, for example:
* Lemang, made of sticky rice on input into the bamboo, is a traditional food of the past which is still preserved.
* Lemper, made of sticky rice that the content of the meat / bean there is a traditional food in the area Purun
* Lepat, made of flour in it at the input banana.
* Jimut, traditional cakes at the local Dayak community Mualang Belitang Sekadau District made from flour that formed spheres of ball pimpong.
* Lulun, a type Lepat, yamg isimya brown sugar, found in the area Belitang kab Sekadau
* Lempok, located in Pontianak is made from Durian (almost all ethnic Dayak and Malay in the habit of making Lempok)
* Tumpi ', found in the Dayak community kanayatn, made from flour.
* Tehpung, traditional cake on Uut Danum Dayak, made from finely ground rice is sticky rice and fried.
This cake is usually made in traditional events, there's nothing like a boat shape, gongs and others.
- Traditional Cuisine:
Cuisine that we can get from this area are:
* Acid Spicy Cuisine in the area of Pontianak
* Porridge Spicy Cuisine in Sambas district
* Kerupok wet, a typical food Kapuas Hulu
* Ale-ale, is a typical food Ketapang
* Pansoh, namely meat dishes in the bamboo in the Dayak community.
* Mie Tiau, is a typical Chinese cuisine located in the city of Pontianak Pontiana
* Chicken and Noodle Wonton Rice, a resident of Chinese cuisine and surroundings Singkawang
Source from: Wikipedia----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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